摘要
概要介绍了纳米科技在高分子纤维材料的性能优化、多样化、特种化以及后处理过程中的应用,多种纳米物质(包括粘土、金属氧化物、碳黑和碳纳米管)及它们对纤维材料结构与性能的影响,多种新型纤维(包括纳米复合纤维、纳米孔洞纤维和高分子纳米纤维)及它们的制备方法(尤其是高压静电纺丝工艺),以及纳米科技在纤维后处理过程中的应用.最后,还对今后纤维材料的发展动态提出了展望.
This paper reviews the influences of nanotechnology on the property enhancement of polymeric fiber materials. Nanosize entities (i.e. clay, metal oxide, carbon black and carbon nanotube) and their functions on the structure and property of fiber materials are discussed. Novel fibers (i. e. nanocomposite fiber, nano-foam fiber and electrospun polymeric nanofiber) and their preparation methods (especially the technology of electrospinning) are introduced. Furthermore, the applications of nanotechnology in the process of fiber finishing are also briefly elucidated. In the end, perspectives about the future development of polymeric fiber materials are addressed.
