试论中晚唐时期的"銮舆播迁"

On the Capital Relocation of Middle and Late Tang Dynasty

中晚唐时期,屡次出现皇帝因为各种危机而逃离长安即所谓"銮舆播迁"的现象。笔者通过具体分析指出,统治者素质的严重退化导致军事防御中一系列战略战术上的失误,而长安危急时的仓皇逃离又充分显示出其无能与怯懦;另一方面,统治者在仓皇逃离长安后却力求速为收复,其重要出发点是对长安财富与宫室的贪恋。正是基于这样的主观原因,统治者不顾关中经济残破、强敌侵逼的事实,继续定都长安并以政治权力维持其稳定与繁荣。这种定都格局,导致一系列连锁反应,对唐的灭亡乃至后世都产生了深远的影响。

During the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the emperors relocated the capital city many times to escape from crises. Basing his studies on a thorough investigation of these events, the author posits that the inability of the ruling class led to strategic defects in the defense system and their escape out of the capital further reveals their incapability in politics. On the other hand, the emperors' immediate return to the capital city was motivated by their desire for the wealth and luxury of the palace. Their disregard for the economic decline of the surrounding areas and the imminent danger from outside eventually brought about the downfall of the Tang Dynasty.