《诗经》释忧——兼论《诗经》时代人的自觉

A feeling of sorrow reflected in Shi Jing'

“忧”是《诗经》时代人们的普遍心理状态。士大夫为国为民而忧,体现出走出宗教神权阴影之后人类对自身行为处事的“忧患意识”。普通百姓为个体、生命、家园、爱情等忧愁,无不体现出人们在一个动荡的社会中,对脱离兽性的人性的思考,及对人类社会价值观念的思考。所有这些都是魏晋时代个体的人对人类整体的自觉。《诗经》中展现的人的感性自觉最终汇成先秦诸子对人的理性自觉。

Sorrow was a common feeling of the people in Shi Jing' period. The officials worried about the country and its people, revealing the awareness of concerning the action of human beings after stepping out of the shadow of God. The common people had worries about their identity, their life, home and love, showing a deep reflection upon the human nature which changed greatly from that of the primitive period, and on the value of the human social community. All these were features of human consciousness as a whole in Wei and Jin dynasties before humans came to realize their individual personality. The sensational consciousness of the Shi Jing' period changed into the abstract theory of philosophers in the pre-Qin period.