极限分析有限元法讲座——Ⅰ岩土工程极限分析有限元法

Geotechnical engineering limit analysis using finite element method

经典岩土工程极限分析方法一般采用解析方法,有些还要对滑动面作假设,且不适用于非均质材料,尤其是强度不均的岩石工程,从而使极限分析法的应用受到限制。随着计算技术的发展,极限分析有限元法应运而生,它能通过强度降低或者荷载增加直接算得岩土工程的安全系数和滑动面,十分贴近工程设计。为此,探讨了极限分析有限元法及其在边坡、地基、隧道稳定性计算中的应用,算例表明了此法的可行性,拓宽了该方法的应用范围。随着计算机技术与计算力学的发展,岩土工程极限分析有限元法正在成为一门新的学问,而且有着良好的发展前景。

The analytical method is adopted in classical geotechnical engineering limit analysis method. It cannot involve the stress-strain behavior of soil and sometimes assumptions needs to be made in advance about the shade or location of the failure surface. It is not suitable for heterogeneous materials, especially the rock engineering. So its application still remains limited. With the development of computer and computing technology, the limit analysis finite element method was put forward. With the strength reduction or load increase, the stability safety factor and failure surface can be obtained directly at limit state. It is very practical for geotechnical engineering design. This paper studies the limit analysis finite element method and its application in the slope、tunnel、 ultimate bearing capacity of foundations. Through a series of case studies, the applicability of the proposed method is clearly exhibited.