嘉定区5种特殊人群碘营养现状调查

Investigation of the Iodine Nutrition Status among Special Populations in Jiading District, Shanghai

[目的]了解嘉定区学龄儿童、育龄妇女、孕妇、哺乳期妇女以及婴幼儿5种特殊人群碘营养状况。[方法]选择嘉定区6个乡镇5种特殊人群为调查对象,调查各人群食用盐的含碘量及其合格率,同时检测水碘、尿碘及甲状腺肿率。[结果]学龄儿童、育龄妇女、孕妇、哺乳期妇女4种人群食用盐碘中位数为31.8-32.42mg/kg,碘盐合格率在92.9％-99.0％之间,总合格率为97.2％;尿碘:5种特殊人群差异有显著性,从高至低依次为婴幼儿、育龄妇女、小学生、哺乳期妇女、孕妇。婴幼儿组、学龄儿童组,同年龄组不同性别的尿碘差异无显著性,不同年龄的尿碘差异有显著性;甲状腺肿大检出率:触诊法为0,学龄儿童组(用B超法)为3％;深井水含碘量高于地面水。[结论]嘉定区加碘食用盐质量稳定,5种特殊人群尿碘中位数:141.02μg/L,5种特殊人群碘营养状态属适宜水平,仍需要继续补碘,尤其是孕妇和哺乳期妇女。

[Objective] To explore the status of iodine nutrition among 5 special populations (school-aged children, reproductive aged women, pregnant women, breast-feed women and infants) after giving iodine in Jiading district, Shanghai. [Methods] 5 special populations in the 6 townships of Jiading district were fixed on as investigated subjects, and the iodine nutrition(examined by the iodine content in salt and urine, water) and the rate of goiter were investigated.[Results] The median of salt iodine among school-aged children, reproductive aged women,pregnant women and breast-feed women was 31.8-32.4 mg/kg,the rate of qualified iodinated salt was 92.9% -99.0%,the total rate was 97.2% .There was significant difference in the iodine content in urine among the 5 special populations,0-2 aged children>20-40 reproductive aged women>8-10 aged children>breast-feed women>pregnant women.In the 0-2 aged children and the 8-10 aged children,there was not significant difference in the iodine content in urine between the same age boys and girls.There was significant difference in the iodine content in urine between the different age boys or girls.The rate of goiter:0 by touch way,in 8-10 aged children is 3% by B type ultrasonic examination.The iodine content in deep well water was higher than in surface water. [Conclusion] The quality of iodinated salt in Jiading was generally stable. The median of urine iodine among 5 special populations was 141.02 μg/L.The status of iodine nutrition among 5 special populations was of a moderate level,more iodine should be supplied to 5 special populations,especially for pregnant women and breast-feed women.