综合性大学举办农科教育的历史考察与现实思考

The Historical and Realistic Thinking of Agricultural Education in Universities

2 0世纪 5 0年代初和 90年代 ,我国综合性大学与农科教育经历了一个由合到分 ,再由分到合的过程。前者是适应计划经济的需要 ,通过实现办学的专业化 ,培养农业部门需要的专门人才 ;后者是适应现代科技在高度分化的基础上高度综合的趋势和市场经济的需要 ,通过推进办学的综合化 ,提高专门人才的综合素质。要在综合性大学里办好农科教育 ,一是改善农业学科生存发展条件 ,二是建立农科教育综合化的组织构架 ,三是推进农业学科和课程的综合化。

At the beginning of 1950s and 1990s ,Chinese comprehensive universities and agricultural education experienced a course from mergence to division and then from division to mergence. For the former stage, it was to satisfy the demands of planned economy. By achieving the specialization of operating, it was aimed at cultivating different kinds of specialized talents who were needed by agricultural departments; for the latter stage, it was to satisfy the demands of market-directed economy and high level of comprehension of modern science and technology which were based on high degree of division. Through advancing the comprehensive development of operating universities and colleges, it was aimed at enhancing the comprehensive qualities of specialized talents. To operate successfully agricultural education at the universities, the following aspects should be considered: first is to improve the living and developing conditions of agricultural education; second is to establish comprehensive organization for agricultural education; third is to push forward the comprehensive trend of agricultural subjects and courses.