魏源今文《诗》学评述

A Review on Wei Yuan's Studies of the Book of Poetry Written in the Li Style Calligraphy of Han Dynasty

魏源的《诗古微》是其今文《诗》学的代表作。魏氏治《诗》的指导思想是区分作诗者之心、采诗编诗者之心、说诗者之义、赋诗引诗者之义等数者。这实际上是承认了文本的多义性,且文本信息的解码是无法由作者来确定的,而取决于接受的各种具体环境。在这一总体思想指导下,魏源探求齐、鲁、韩三家《诗》的传承关系,通过辨章源流而发挥三家《诗》的微言大义,以求诗人作诗之义。这些都为后世的《诗经》研究提供了经验。

The work of Ancient Subtleties of Poetry by Wei Yuan in the Qing Dynasty was the representative of the studies of the Book of Poetry written in the Han Dynasty Li Style Calligraphy. The guiding thought of Wei Yuan was to make clear distinctions between the intentions of the poet, the intentions of the editors, the understanding of the interpreters, and the interpretation of the scholars who quoted the lines. Thus the we could conclude that he had acknowledged the pluralistic character of the meaning of the text with the implication that the decoding of the information of the text could not be completed by the author himself since it was decided by the specific context of the interpreters. It was under such a general guideline that Wei Yuan explored the tradition of studies of the Book of Poetry of the three schools of Qi, Lu and Han. Through the analyses of concrete poems while tracing the origin of words,he had delved into the depth of insight into the subtlety of words with deep meanings and made an attempt to search the first intentions of the poet at the time of poetic creations. His research experiences were of great referential significance to the later scholars of the Book of Poetry.