封丘地区雨养麦田的水分供应和产量潜力

WATER SUPPLY AND POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY IN RAINFED WHEAT FIELD IN FENGQIU REGION

本文通过对一块66×100m^2的雨养麦田连续五个麦季生产潜力资料分析后。结果表明,小麦在充分施肥(N为13g/mu,P_2O_9,为7.5kg/mu)的条件下,其雨养麦田生产潜力的幅度为230—375kg/mu。而根据五个麦季的水分特征与封丘历年麦作的水分特征分布所做统计分析、推定其生产潜力的置信度为74.8%。但是小麦产量与总耗水量的相关性不显著(r=0.67)。研究结果表明,尽管产量与总耗水量相关关系仍是一种重要的表述方式,但我们必须对其实际过程加以分析。另外值得一提的是五个麦季的水分利用率≥0.75kg/mu/mm,显著高于封丘地区的平均水分利用率(0.475kg/mu/mm)和黄淮海平原的平均水分利用率(0.46kg/mu/mm)。它隐含表明增加肥料投入也是提高农田水分利用率的有效途径。

This paper presents an analysis of the data from the experiment on potential productivity of rainfed wheat field carried out continuously for five years on a flat field of 66 m×100 m in Fengqiu. The results showed that under the condition of sufficient fertilizer supply, the potential productivity of the rainfed wheat field ranged from 3450 kg/ha to 5625 kg/ha, with a confidence of 74.8% obtained by the statistic analyses of water charactristics for the five wheat seasons and of the distribution of water in Fengqiu for all the previous years. The correlation between the wheat yield and the total water consumption was not obvious (r=0.67). In addition, it is worthwhile to mention that the water utilization rate of ≥0.75 kg/mu·mm for the five wheat seasons was remarkably higher than that in Fengqiu region (0.475 kg/mu·mm) and that in Huang Huai Hal region (0.46 kg/mu·mm). This implies that the increases of fertilizer supply is also an effective approach to increasing water utilization rate of the farmlands.