农民的理性——对湖南农民运动社会心理层面的探究

ON THE FARMER'S REASONABLENESS:Investigation on the social mental of Hunan farmer movement

湖南农民运动是一次以群众暴力推翻不公平的社会制度的社会动员,本质上是推翻这一制度下农民在生存竞争中自然形成的社会秩序与价值秩序。农民自我多倍增长的心理感染表现出集体走向狂热的倾向和状态。除了用传统的阶级分析的理论和方法对农民革命进行解读之外,有必要从社会心理学的层面探讨农民运动激进思潮的根源,还应该从社会学的理性选择角度探究它的社会思想根源。农民集体兴奋的情绪导致运动的过火、失控和最终失败。农民的理性是乡土性社会动员中的一柄双刃剑。

Hunan farmer movement is a social mobilization to overthrow the unjust social system with the violence, and essentially is to overthrow this system at the society and worthy order that exists the competition inside the nature. The movements manifest a trend of farmers to fanaticism .Except the theory to analyze the farmers' movements, it's necessary for us to study the farmers' movements from social psychology, and should still investigate its society source from the sociology's reasonableness. Farmers' collective excitability lead the defeat of the movements. The farmer's reasonableness is a two-sided sword of the social mobilization.