氧化亚氮用于镇痛分娩对母儿的影响及其安全性的临床研究

The influence and the safety of inhaling nitrous oxide for analgesia labor on pregnant women and fetus

目的 探讨氧化亚氮吸入用于无痛分娩对母儿的影响及其安全性的问题。方法 选择 131例孕妇作为研究组实施无痛分娩,在分娩过程中给予吸入 50% N2O和 50% O2混合气体,另选择同期分娩的产妇 58例作为对照组,在分娩过程中仅吸入 50% O2。观察两组产妇的产程时间、出血量、分娩方式、新生儿窒息率、母儿血气分析以及胃肠、膀胱平滑肌功能恢复情况比较。结果 研究组总产程为 464min±132min略短于对照组时间为 510min±163min,但差异无显著性(P>0 05)。而研究组活跃期 ( 104min±30min)比对照组(129min±61min)短,差异有显著性(P<0 01)。两组的出血量(203ml±51ml, 217ml±44ml)、分娩方式、新生儿窒息率、母儿血气分析以及胃肠、膀胱平滑肌功能比较,差异均无显著性 (P>0 05)。结论 氧化亚氮吸入用于产妇分娩镇痛,对母儿无不良影响,且有缩短产程趋势,是安全的分娩镇痛方法。

Objective To investigate the safety of the inhalation of nitrous oxide premixed with oxygen (50%:50%) for analgesia labor on maternal and fetus. Methods 131 primiparas were provided with nitrous oxide premixed with oxygen(50%:50%) as the observational group. Another 58 primiparas were provided only with oxygen as comparison group.We compared labor duration, bleeding volume, ways of delivery, newborn suffocation, blood gas analysis of mothers and fetus, resumption of gastrointestines,urinary bladder ability between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the total delivery process(464 min±132 min vs 510 min±163 min, P >0 05). The duration of active phase in the observation(104 min±30 min) was significantly shorter than that in the comparison group(129 min±61 min) ( P <0 01). There were no significant differences in the bleeding volume(203 ml±51 ml vs 217 ml±44 ml), ways of delivery, rate of newborn suffocation, blood gas analysis of mothers and fetus, resumption of gastrointestines,urinary bladder ability between the two groups( P >0 05). Conclusion Analgesic labor with inhaling nitrous oxide produces a short delivery process and shows no side effects on both mothers and fetus.