金圣叹《水浒传》评点动机谈

On the Motives of Jin Shengtan's Review of Heroes of Marshes

金圣叹对70回本《水浒传》的评点将中国古代小说评点推到鼎盛时期,他评点的动机究竟是什么?这是研究金圣叹的重要问题,人们曾做出多方面的探讨,然而今日看来都有一定的片面性。梳理旧论,金圣叹评点《水浒传》的动机是复杂的、多重的。因此对其评点动机应做至少以下两个层面的解读:显动机,为了使子弟读了晓得许多文法;潜动机,文人理想以白日梦形式的一种实现。

Jin Shengtan's review of the seventy-chapter version Heroes ofMarshes put the novel review in ancient China to a period of greatprosperity. What exactly are his motives of the review, which is a veryimportant problem to research Jin Shengtan. Though a lot of explorationsin many aspects have been done, they are considered to be somewhatone-sided. On the basis of the previous reviews, the author in this paperthinks the motives of Jin's review of Heroes of Marshes are complicatedand many-sided. Therefore, his motives of review should be analyzed atleast from the following two levels:Superficial motive:For the purposeof making younger generation understand the writing techniques in it;Potential motive:the realization of a scholar's ideal in the form of adaydream.