大鼠硬脑膜动静脉瘘模型的建立与血管内皮生长因子的表达

Model construction of rat dural arteriovenous fistula and the expression of VEGF in dural vessels

目的建立大鼠硬脑膜动静脉瘘(dAVF) 模型;探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在dAVF形成过程中的作用。方法采用改良Herman方法制作36只Wistar雄性大鼠dAVF模型,将右侧颈总动脉心脏端和颈外静脉头端做端-端吻合,结扎上矢状窦,同时结扎左侧横窦流出静脉。大鼠分为对照组(n= 12);A组VEGF表达组(n= 12),2周后与6只对照组大鼠分别取出硬脑膜做VEGF免疫组织化学染色;B组脑血管造影组(n= 12),90 d后与6只对照组大鼠分别行脑血管造影。结果对照组中极少表达VEGF,脑血管造影无阳性变化;A组7只(58%)大鼠硬脑膜VEGF染色阳性;B组5只(41%)大鼠可见面部、上矢状窦旁或横窦旁发生dAVF。结论在慢性静脉压增高状态下硬脑膜血管中VEGF开始表达,并可能与血管生成及dAVF的发生、发展有重要关系。

objective To construct a rat dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) model, and investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in dAVF formation. Methods An advanced Herman's method was used in 36 Wistar male rats to develop rat dAVF models by creating a carotid-jugular fistula as well as a superior sagittal sinus ligation. The rats were divided into group A (n=12) in which the expression of VEGF was observed in dural vessels by immunohistochemistry two weeks later, group B (n=12) in which the cerebral angiographies (CAG) were studied 90 days later, and two control groups (n=6). Results Little positive expression of VEGF and no positive change of the CAG were observed in the control groups. 58% rats (7/12) in group A showed positive expression of VEGF, and 41% rats (5/12) of group B showed dAVF in face, superior sagittal sinus and transverse sinus by CAG. Conclusion The expression of VEGF in dural vessels may play an important role in the angiogenesis and dAVF under chronic intracranial venous hypertension in rats.