秦岭太白红杉种群空间分布格局动态及分形特征研究

Spatial distribution pattern and fractal analysis of Larix chinensis populations in Qinling Mountain.

采用相邻格子样方法采集数据,应用计盒维数和信息维数研究了太白红杉种群空间格局的分形特征,结果表明,太白红杉种群有较高的计盒维数(18087)和信息维数(17931),表明其对空间占据程度较高.用分布系数法和Morisita格局指数法检验格局类型,发现不同年龄组太白红杉种群均呈聚集分布.运用GreigSmith的方法研究格局规模,发现太白红杉种群在128m2和512m2处聚集,不同年龄组在不同规模尺度聚集.以区组分布格局强度(PI)检测聚集强度,发现太白红杉种群格局强度随尺度变化程度较高,个体分布不均匀,随着年龄的增大,其聚集强度呈下降趋势.太白红杉种群的空间分布格局特征是其对严酷生境长期适应的结果.

In this paper,the fractal characters of Larix chinensis populations in Qinling Mountain were studied by contiguous grid quadrate sampling method and by boxing-counting dimension and information dimension.The results showed that the high boxing-counting dimension (1.8087) and information dimension (1.7931) reflected a higher spatial occupational degree of L.chinensis populations.Judged by the dispersal index and Morisita's pattern index,L.chinensis populations clumped at three different age stages (0～25,25～50 and over 50 years).From Greig-Smiths'mean variance analysis,the figure of pattern scale showed that L.chinensis populations clumped in 128 m2 and 512 m2,and the different age groups clumped in different scales.The pattern intensities decreased with increasing age,and tended to reduce with increasing area when detected by Kershaw's PI index.The spatial pattern characters of L.chinensis populations may be their responses to environmental factors.