无机复合阻燃填料的开发及阻燃机理研究

Development of an Inorganic Composite Flame-retardant Filler and Study on Flame retardance Mechanism

研究了氢氧化铝 (Al(OH) 3)、氢氧化镁 (Mg(OH) 2 )、煅烧高岭土、纳米二氧化硅、三氧化二锑 (Sb2 O3)等组成的复合阻燃体系对软PVC电缆制品的阻燃作用 ,开发了一种超细活性无机复合阻燃填料。该复合阻燃填料用于软PVC电缆料中 ,阻燃性能良好 (氧指数达 36 .4 ) ,机械性能及电性能均达到GB8815 - 88标准规定。正交试验及方差分析表明 ,Sb2 O3的阻燃作用及Al(OH) 3与Mg(OH) 2 之间的协效作用较为突出。Sb2 O3与PVC中的氯以氯 -锑系统发挥协效阻燃作用 ,其机理涉及凝聚相阻燃及气相阻燃。Al(OH) 3与Mg(OH) 2 主要在凝聚相发挥阻燃作用。

The effects of an inorganic composite flame-retardant filler, which was prepared mainly from aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)_3), magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_2),calcined kaolin, nano silicon dioxide(SiO_2), stibium trioxide(Sb_2O_3), on the flame retardancy of flexible Poly Vinyl Chloride(PVC) products were investigated, and an ultrafine and active inorganic composite flame-retardant filler was developed. The results show that the flexible PVC product filled with the ultrafine and active inorganic composite flame-retardant filler has superior property of flame retardance (oxygen index 36.4),with mechanical and electrical properties coming up to national standards (GB8815-88). The results of orthogonal test show there is synergistic action between the flame-retardant fillers, especially between Sb_2O_3 and halogen, Al(OH)_3 and Mg(OH)_2.Sb_2O_3 and Cl (from PVC) act synergistically through Cl-Sb system,their flame retardance mechanism concerns solid phase and gas phase;Al(OH)_3 and Mg(OH)_2 play the role of flame retardance mainly in solid phase.