国人正常股骨远端三维模型及骨形态测量研究

Measurement of three-dimensional model and bone morphology of healthy Chinese distal femur

目的:利用计算机辅助设计技术建立国人正常股骨远端计算机三维模型并行骨形态测量研究,探讨此方法对国产假体设计的指导意义。方法:对2001-06/2002-07正常成人自愿者120位(主要来自北京及周边地区)正常成人膝关节CT扫描输出的股骨远端原始数据进行三维重建,测量相关参数;同时对6例尸体膝关节CT扫描并用前述方法三维重建测量,对所得的相关数据进行分析、对比,了解三维重建后的误差,分析误差原因。结果:股骨髁宽度平均为70.46mm,股骨内、外侧髁倾角分别为(82.57±3.36)°,(79.86±4.33)°,股骨髁宽相对于股骨髁前后径比值在1.12～1.23;膝关节三维重建后测量的参数较手工测量偏小,其中半径参数平均误差在1.33～2.64mm,长度线性参数平均误差在0.73～1.31mm。结论:建立了国人股骨远端相关参数指标正常参考值,计算机辅助设计技术为股骨远端复杂表面几何大体形态学研究提供一种良好的手段。

AIM: To establish the computer three dimensional(3D) solid model of the healthy Chinese distal femur by using computer aided design(CAD) software, measure the bone morphology, and probe into the instructive significance of this method for the design of domestic prosthesis.METHODS: From June 2001 to July 2002, the CT imaging data of 120 healthy adult volunteers' distal femur mainly from Beijing and its adjacent areas were obtained. Through CAD software, the 3D solid model was reconstructed and the relevant data were measured. Meanwhile, 6 cadaver knees manually were measured with CT imaging, and the 3D model was reconstructed and the data measured as above. The two groups of data obtained were analyzed and compared to realize errors between the two methods and analyze causes. RESULTS: The width of femoral condyle averaged 70.46 mm.The angles of medial and lateral femoral condyles were (82.57± 3.36)° and (79.86± 4.33)° respectively. The width of femoral condyle was 1.12 to 1.23 times of sagittal length of femoral condyle. The geometric parameters from CAD measurement were smaller than those from the manual. The mean errors were between 1.33 mm and 2.64 mm in radius parameters, and between 0.73 mm and 1.31 mm in linear parameters. CONCLUSION: The normal referenced relevant parameters of the Chinese distal femur are established. It is satisfactory to research complex and gross surface geometric morphology of distal femur by using CAD.