不同无害化处理对污泥中有机组分的影响

Influence of various sanitary treatments on organic components in sludge

以城市污泥为材料,研究了热喷、辐射和堆肥3种无害化处理方式对污泥中有机组分形态的影响.结果表明,污泥中的有机组分经过热喷和辐射处理后,易降解物含量增加,难降解物含量降低;而堆肥处理则相反.污泥总氮的70%～80%是有机氮,热喷、辐射处理使污泥中的有机氮向易矿化态转变,易矿化态氮含量较处理前分别增加8.0%和6.5%;而堆肥处理使污泥中的有机氮向难矿化态转变,难矿化态氮含量增加了4.1%.经热喷、辐射处理后污泥中有机磷的活性显著提高,但堆肥处理降低了污泥中有机磷的活性.热喷、辐射处理使得污泥中水溶性有机物的大分子组分向小分子组分转化,堆肥处理则与之相反.因此,经热喷、辐射处理的污泥的供肥效果优于堆肥处理.

The influence of 3 kinds of sanitary treatment ways of steam explosion, irradiation and composting on the form of organic components in sludge was studied with municipal sludge as material. The organic components in sludge after treated with steam explosion and irradiation easily to be degraded increased, and those difficulty to be degraded decreased; but those treated with composting was the contrary. 70%~80% of the total nitrogen in sludge was organic N. The organic N in sludge treated with steam explosion and irradiation was transformed into easily mineralized form, the content of organic N of this form increased 8.0% and 6.5% respectively more than before treatment; but the organic N treated with composting was transformed into difficulty mineralized form with content increased 4.1%. The activity of organic P in sludge enhanced markedly after treated with steam explosion and irradiation, but lowered by composting. The large molecular component of dissolvable organic matter (DOM) in sludge treated with steam explosion and irradiation was transformed into small molecular component; while those treated composting was the contrary. Therefore, the fertilizing effects of sludge treated with steam explosion and irradiation were better than those treated with composting.