采煤塌陷塘浮游生物对矿区生态变化的响应

The response of plankton in excavating coal subsidence pool to the mining area ecological changes

通过分析淮南矿区生态环境对塌陷塘水体的影响及不同时序采煤塌陷塘浮游生物的种类变化,探讨了塌陷塘水域浮游生物对矿区生态变化的响应;从中发现塌陷初期硅藻-裸藻占优势,到中期随着营养水平的增加,绿藻-蓝藻成为水体主要藻类,经过很长时间的高营养化水平后,塌陷塘周边环境逐渐稳定,影响因素也趋于单一化,硅藻-裸藻再次成为水体的优势藻类.浮游动物种类则呈现明显下降趋势,且优势种也发生变化.这说明塌陷塘的浮游生物演替不同于一般的水库和湖泊.

Through analyzing the impact of Huainan mining area ecological environment to subsidence pool waters and the species changes of plankton in excavating coal subsidence pools of different time order, the response of the plankton in it to the mining area ecological changes was inquired, from which it was found that in the initial stage of subsidence Bacillariophyta-Euglenophyta were the dominant; in the metaphase with the increase of nutrition level, Chlorophyta-Cyanophyta became the main algae in waters; after a long time of high eutrophication level, the circumferential environment of the subsidence pool was stabilized gradually, the influence factors also tended to be simplified, and Bacillariophyta-Euglenophyta became again dominant algae. The species of zooplankton showed an evident downtrend and the dominant species were also changed. This explained that the succession of the plankton in subsidence pools differed from general reservoirs and lakes.