农作物病虫害气象环境成因研究进展

Advance in study on formation of meteorological environment causing crop’s diseases and insect pests

简要概述了近年来农作物病虫害气象环境成因研究方面的最新进展,包括农作物病虫害发生流行的气候背景指示及其影响机制、与气象条件的关系和气候变化对病虫害发生流行的可能影响等。结果表明:海温、厄尔尼诺事件、大气环流等大尺度因子对病虫害的发生流行具有明显的前兆性指示;温度、湿度、降雨、风、光照等气象要素,对促进或抑制某种病虫害的发生、发展、流行及其危害程度都可能产生显著的影响;气候变化可能造成病虫害危害的地理范围扩大,程度加剧。

This paper summarizes simply recent development of research on formation of meteorological environment causing crop's diseases and insect pests, which includes insect pest's climate background designation, the impact mechanism, their relationship with meteorological condition and the possible impact of climatic variation on the prevalence of crop's diseases and insect pests. The results indicate that large-scale factors,such as sea temperature, El Nino event and atmospheric circulation have evident premonitory direction to the crop's diseases and insect pests occurring; the occurrance, development, prevalence and harm degree of some crop's diseases and insect pests may be evidently accelerated or restrained by the meteorological factors, such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind and sunshine; the geographic range of the crop's diseases and insect pests will be possibly enlarged, and its damage degree will be aggravated also due to climatic variation.