江苏省赣榆县居民自杀死亡流行现状研究

An epidemiological research on suicide among residents of Ganyu county

目的 掌握自杀死亡的流行规律 ,为开展社区干预提供依据。方法 用简略寿命表法计算期望寿命 ,通过计算潜在寿命损失年指标分析潜在寿命损失 ,计算累积死亡率 ,分析死亡几率 ,用圆形分布法分析死亡的时间趋势。结果 1996～ 2 0 0 2年 ,赣榆县居民自杀粗死亡率为2 6 .90 / 10万 ,占居民因伤害死亡的 38.72 % ,居于首位 ,所导致的潜在寿命损失年占全死因的12 .2 6 % ,平均每一位自杀死亡者造成的潜在寿命损失年是 2 5 .36人年。男性和女性自杀死亡率曲线在 6 0岁处出现交叉 ,6 0岁后 ,男性自杀死亡率高于女性。丘陵山区和内陆平原居民自杀死亡率明显高于沿海 ,自杀死亡主要集中在一年的 6月份前后。主要自杀方式是喝农药 ,占 5 0 .4 6 % ,其次是自缢 ,占 38.17%。结论 应从建立应激机制、加强农药管理、降低农民负担及提高对自杀者的急救能力等方面入手 ,努力降低自杀现象的发生 。

Objective To explore the rule of suicide and to provide the basis for prevention and control. Methods Life expectancy was calculated using brief life list. The years of potential life lost was indicated by calculating YPLL. Using the index of accumulated death rate, the death probability was revealed. The method of circle distribution was applied to describe the trend of death. Results From 1996 to 2002, the crude mortality of suicide was 26.92 per 100 000, and among the death caused by injuries, the proportion of suicide was 38.72%, which ranks the first. The YPLL caused by suicide death accounted for 12.26% of all, and average YPLL of each person was 25.36 person-years. There was a crossing-point at the age of 60 between male and female suicide mortality curves, and male suicide mortality was higher than female after age of 60. The suicide death rate in mountain area and plain was higher than that in the coastal districts. The death caused by suicide was more around June. The main method of suicide was taking pesticide ( 50.46%), then hanging oneself ( 38.17%). Conclusions The emergency tackling mechanism should be set up firstly, then taking measurements of enforcing pesticide management, reducing the peasant's burden, and boosting the level of emergency treatments, and so on, so as to reduce the suicide and impacts on family and society.