大豆长花序短果枝株型性状的利用研究 Ⅳ .不同种植密度下剪叶处理对长花序短果枝性状的影响

Utilization of Soybean Germmplasm With Plant-type of Long Floral Axis and Short Pod-branch Ⅳ.Effect of Cutting Leaf on Long Floral Axis and Short Pod-branch Traits Under Different Seeding Rtes

在不同种植密度条件下研究了剪叶处理对长花序短果枝株型品种沈农6号的影响,结果表明,不同种植密度、不同剪叶处理对长花序短果枝新株型大豆的单株结荚数、单株粒重的影响是不同的,但总的趋势是,剪叶处理多数情况下会因为养分供应不足,导致单株结荚数下降、粒重降低,而且随着种植密度的增加,降低幅度越大。剪短果枝叶片会造成短果枝上着荚数下降,但能适当增加长花序上的着荚数;相反,剪长花序叶片会造成长花序上的着荚数下降,但能适当增加短果枝上的着荚数。长花序上着生的叶片和短果枝上着生的叶片,其功能有一定的互补性。剪去长花序叶会造成单株荚数、粒重的大幅度下降,尤其是长花序上的结荚数和粒重下降更多,因此,在大豆育种实践中利用长花序性状时,为了保证产量的稳定性,必须配合短果枝等其他具有互补效应的性状的选择。

The effects of cutting leaf on long floral axis and short pod-branch of soybean variety Shennong 6 were studied under different seeding rates from 1999 to 2001.The results were as follows: The effects of cutting different leaves on pod number and grain weight per plant were different under different seeding rates. The tendency was that leaf cutting would reduce the pod number and grain weight per plant, as the increase of seeding rates, the reduction range would be bigger. Cutting the leaves on short pod-branch would decrease the pod number on the short pod-branch, however it would increase the pod number on long floral axis slightly. Also cutting the leaves on long floral axis would decrease the pod number on long floral axis, and increase the pod number on short pod-branch .The function of leaves on long floral axis and short pod-branch had a supplemental effect from each other. Cutting the leaves on long floral axis would decrease the pod number and grain weight per plant greatly, so for the yield stability as we develop the variety with long floral axis, we should consider the selection of other traits such as short pod-branch which had a supplemental effect with long floral.