高速机车车辆动力学模拟中的轮轨接触模型

Wheel/Track Contact Model in Dynamic Simulation of High Speed Locomotive and Car

为解决铁路实现高速化后严重加剧的车辆和线路状态恶化问题,必须从加强车辆—轨道系统动力学的 研究着手。迄今所发展的传统滚动接触理论仅适用于低频车辆动力学,且仅限于小蠕滑的情况。为适应高频车 辆—轨道系统动力学和大蠕滑的驱动动力学研究的需要,必须研究发展新的轮轨滚动接触力学。本文在对传统 滚动接触理论的发展作简要评述后,主要介绍并讨论了近期为配合铁路实现高速化而发展起来的新轮轨滚动接 触理论:高频非稳态滚动接触,非Hertz接触,有限元法,宏观滑动区域的接触模型及钢轨疲劳损坏机理等方 面问题。这些问题对铁路实现高速化的意义都是非常重大的。

To solve seriously increasing problems of vehicles/track in high speed railway,it is necessary to study vehicles/tracks system dynamics with new ideas.Traditional roll contact theory is only suitable to vehicle system dynamics in low-frequency domain and is limited to the condition of small creepage.To solve the new problems of vehicles/tracks system dynamics and tractive dynamics of large creepage in high-frequency domain,new roll contact theories of wheel/track have been developed.The paper mainly discuss these new roll contact theories,which recently develops to accommodate to high speed railway,these new methods include Non-steady roll contact,non-Hertz contact and Finite Element Method.The contact model in macroscopical slip region and destruction mechanics of track fatigue are also discussed.All these problems are very important and significant for realizing high speed railway.