论公共利益概念的界定

On the Determination on the Concept of Public Interest

我国宪法上的公共利益是专门针对征收 (征用 )条款而言的。但是 ,从实际的立法看 ,公共利益在普通立法上使用极为广泛 ,并不局限于征收 (征用 )领域。公共利益这一概念最特别之处在于其不确定性 ,是典型的不确定法律概念。这种不确定性 ,可以表现在其利益内容的不确定性和受益对象的不确定性两个方面。由于公共利益主张者的缺位以及主张者的不保险性 ,由法律来确认或形成客观的公共利益成为法治社会的普遍做法。要正确界定公共利益这一概念 ,必须厘清公共利益与国家的利益、社会的利益、集体的利益 ,以及与公共秩序、社会秩序、国家安全。

Public Interest is in connection with levy clause in constitution,however , from the practice of legislation,public interest is not used only in the levy domain but used in the domain of common legislation. Public Interest is a typical uncertain legal concept, it show two aspects including uncertain content of interest and uncertain beneficiary. It should make clear the relation between public interest and national interest, society interest and collective interest , and the relation between public interest and public order ,society order and national security in order to determine the concept of Public Interest properly.