高技术立法规制问题的哲学探讨

Philosophical Inquiry into the Problems in Legislative Stipulations for High Technologies

近代以来 ,科学技术得到了迅猛的发展 ,而技术无疑是我们这个时代最引人注目的社会现象之一。由此导致体外受精 (试管婴儿 )技术、克隆人技术、人体基因重组技术等一系列高技术的出现。其中 ,任何一项高技术一旦运用于社会 ,就不单纯是一个技术问题 ,必定转化为社会、环境、法律、伦理、生态等问题。这不仅对社会、人们的观念造成极大冲击 ,也对人类生存提出了严峻挑战。如何利用法律 ,有效规范高技术就提到了议事日程。我国现有的科技法由于对科学、技术的本质没有深入的认识及立法的粗糙性 ,很难完成高技术时代的历史使命。因此 ,有必要从科技所涉及的最基本问题入手 ,经过哲学分析 。

Recently, science and technology are getting rapidly developed. Undoubtedly, technology becomes one of the most attractive social phenomena in the present time, which leads to the occurrence of a series of high techniques, i.e. in vitro fertilization (test-tube baby), clone and human gene reorganization etc. Among these, once any of the high techniques is applied to society, it does not only reflect technology itself, but it brings about social, environmental, legal, ethical and ecological problems etc. This will have extreme impact not only on society and human thoughts, but also severely challenge to human living. So, how to utilize laws to effectively regulate the high techniques is place on the agenda. The available science and technological law in our country, due to superficial legislation and lack of a thorough cognition for the essence of science and technology, is hard to accommodate to the present high tech times. The present authors think that it is necessary to make legislative suggestions on how to effectively regulate high technologies in China from the fundamental problems relating to science and technology via philosophical thinking.