少数民族农村社区有效预防艾滋病宣教项目模式结果分析

An analysis of effective model of AIDS education for rural ethnic population groups

目的 探索并证明能在少数民族山区有效开展艾滋病 (AIDS)宣教活动的项目运作方法 ,通过农村学校 ,建立一种成本较低且可持续发展的农村社区健康宣传活动推广模式。方法 培训中小学教师 ,利用当地开发的民族宣传材料对全乡 72 4 4户进行入村逐户宣传 ,结合检查、监督、项目中期与终期评估及外部独立评估。结果 山区少数民族村民预防艾滋病的知识由平均 8%以下 ,达到项目结束时的 80 %左右。活动过程中的有效检查、监督、评估证明 ,结果有效真实。项目探索了一种成本较低 ,适合农村少数民族社区宣传教育项目的运作方法。项目结合当地的人力资源开发 ,保证了项目活动今后的可持续发展。结论 农村教师是山区少数民族社区开展预防艾滋病宣传教育活动的最佳资源之一 ,当地民族文化的宣传材料至关重要 ,有效检查、监督、评估相结合 ,是开展艾滋病宣教活动项目的保证 ,当地人力资源的开发是宣教活动可持续发展的根本。

Objective To explore an evidence based model of effective AIDS education project targeted to ethnic population groups in rural mountainous areas and to establish a sustainable cost effective model of school based health education,which could be expanded to other areas. Methods Seven thousand and four hundred twenty two households were visited by trained primary school teachers using local educational materials developed for ethnic population groups.Midterm and final appraisal and supervision activities as well as independent external evaluation were conducted.Results The knowledge related to the HIV/AIDS prevention increased from about average 5% to 80% among ethnic villagers with low education.Evidence based supervision and evaluation proved that education yielded truth and effective results.A education model appropriate to ethnic population groups in mountainous areas was developed,which showed both good cost effectiveness and sustainability. Conclusion Rural teachers are one of the best and unique human resources for health education activities targeted to ethnic population groups.Locally adapted educational materials are important for an effective educational project.The combination of supervision and evaluation is essential for an effective AIDS educational project.Local human resource development is critical for a sustainable health education project.