从结构主义到解构主义的演进及其影响

Evolution from Structuralism to Destructuralism and its Influence

结构主义是西方哲学的重要流派,其研究方法曾被广泛应用于社会科学的各个领域。法国哲学家福柯在运用该方法研究思想文化史时,发现了结构主义方法的内部矛盾,促使结构主义走向后结构主义。德里达在福柯研究的基础上,试图用解构主义的方法摧毁结构主义,进而颠覆传统哲学的基础。这一文化行为是直接导致西方后现代主义兴起的主要原因之一。揭示结构主义哲学流派的演变,有利于我们进一步认识后现代主义文化思潮的本质和意义。

Structuralism is an important school of western philosophy, its research method has been widely used in every domain of social sciences. French philospher Fu Ke discovered the internal contradiction of structuralism method during his research into the history of thinking and culture with it. This impelled structuralism to move toward post-structuralism. On the basis of De Li-da's study, Fu Ke tried to destroy structuralism by destructuralist method, and further overturned the basis of traditional philosophy. This cultural behavior is one of the major reasons which directly led to the rise of post-modernism in west. Revealing the development of philosophical sect of structuralism contributed to our realization of the essence and significance of cultural ideological trend of post-modernism.