清代前期俄国与西方传教士在华传教差异之简析

On the Differences between Russian and Other Western Missionaries in China in the Early Qing Dynasty

清代前期入华的外国传教士有俄国东正教团、西方的天主教各派,同为基督教,但是他们在华传教的结果却相去甚远。清代前期天主教各派既在中国人中间发展了基督徒,又为中西文化交流做出了突出贡献。而俄国东正教团在发展教徒方面没有成功,从一定程度上说,其贡献只限于汉学研究。究其原因,是由于他们在入华传教的目的、方式、活动范围与规划等方面都存在着差异。

The Russian Ecclesiastical Mission and the western Catholic Missions all stayed in China for a long time in the early Qing Dynasty. Although they all belonged to Christianity and did missionary work, their missionary results were different. The reasons lie in the fact that their missionary aims, missionary ways and missionary ranges were different.