略论国际法上的战俘待遇

战俘待遇的演变反映人类文明的发展。必须人道地对待战俘,是战俘待遇的一项基本原则。从战争法的首次编纂开始,此项原则便得到明文规定。随着时间的推移,其含义及衍生出的各项具体规则不断得到充实和发展。1949年日内瓦公约是现今国际法上战俘待遇规则的体现,它不仅作为条约对缔约国有拘束力,而且已公认为具有普遍拘束力的国际习惯法。战俘是在俘获他们的国家手中,战俘拘留国对战俘的命运负有最后的责任。

The evolution of the treatment of prisoners of war reflects the development of human civilization. The principle of humane treatment of the prisoners of war has been provided for since the first codification of the laws of war. With the passage of the time, the connotation of this principle and the various specific rules derived from it have been continuously substantiated and developed. The 1949 Geneva Conventions, which embody the existing international law on the treatment of prisoners of war, not only are binding on the state parties, but also have become customary international laws that have universal binding force. The detaining powers have the ultimate responsibility for the fate of the prisoners of war in their hands.