中国葡萄属野生种及其种间F_1代抗旱性鉴定初探

Preliminary Identification of Drought Resistance of Chinese Wild Vitis Species and Its Interspecific Hybrids

在盆栽干旱胁迫条件下,测定了中国葡萄属野生种8个种的11个株系及野生种燕山葡萄与美 洲种河岸葡萄杂交F1代的叶片失绿黄化程度、相对含水量和原生质体细胞膜透性,并以这3项指标综合评 价中国葡萄属野生种及其种间F1代的抗旱性。结果表明,中国葡萄属野生种中:燕山葡萄燕山-1为高抗 类型;葡萄泰山-1为中抗类型;葡萄安林-2、山葡萄泰山-11、秋葡萄江西-2和平利-7、复 叶葡萄甘肃-91和南郑-2、毛葡萄渭南-3、华东葡萄广西-1为低抗类型;刺葡萄塘尾为不抗类型。燕 山-1×河岸葡萄杂交F1代的抗旱性表现为连续分离现象,个别杂种单株的抗旱性表现为超亲遗传。

Under potting drought stress condition, drought resistance of eleven accessions of eight Chinese wild Vitis species and 107 F 1 hybrids of V. yeshanesis×V. riparia was identified based on the evaluation methods of degree of etiolating(DE), relative water content (RWC), and plasma membrane permeability(PMP) in the leaves. The results showed that the accession of‘Yanshan-1’of V. yeshanesis was the highest resistant to the drought stress; the accession of‘Taishan-1’of V. adsricta had middle resistance; the accessions of‘Anlin-2’of V. adstricta,‘Taishan-11’of V. amurensis,‘Jiangxi-2’and‘Pingli-7’of V. romanetii,‘Gansu-91’and‘Nanzheng-2’of V. piasezkii, ‘Weinan-3’of V. quinquangularis, and‘Guangxi-1’of V. pseudoreticulata had lower resistance;‘Tangwei’of V. davidii is susceptible to the drought stress. There are demonstrated continuous genetic segregation of drought resistance in F 1 progenies of V. yeshanesis×V. riparia. Specifically, a few hybrids showed higher heredity than resistant parents in the tolerance to drought stress.