无核葡萄种质果粒遗传多样性及数量性状评价标准探讨

Study on the Berry Genetic Diversity and Evaluating Criteria of Some Quantitative Characters for Seedless Grape Germplasm

对国家果树种质资源郑州葡萄圃内的94份无核葡萄和40份巨峰系葡萄的果粒颜色、形状、质量和大小进行了连续3年的调查和统计分析。结果表明,无核葡萄种质果粒质量和果粒大小遗传变异系数比巨峰系大得多,无核葡萄种质的平均果粒质量主要在1.0～5.0g的范围内,将近50%无核葡萄种质的果粒为1.5～2.5g,为中等。因此目前国际及国内的现有描述评价标准都不适合评价无核葡萄种质的果粒质量及大小。根据本项研究结果提出了适合无核葡萄种质新的附加分级评价标准。

Investigation and statistical analysis were carried out on berry color, shape,mass and size of 94 varieties of seedless grape and 40 varieties of Kyoho type grape collected in National Grape Germplasm Repository Zhengzhou for three years. The results showed that there were profile genetic diversity in seedless grape. Variation coefficient both berry mass and berry size were much greater than that of Kyoho type grape. The average mass of seedless grape was in range from 1.0 to 5.0 g . Almost half of tested varieties had medium mass in 1.5-2.5 g, The available description standards both domestic and international was considered to be not suitable for evaluating berry size and berry mass of seedless grape. Based on the result of the study, the new additional method for this purpose are suggested.