中国18省市番茄晚疫病菌生理小种的鉴定

Identification of Physiological Races of Phytophthora infestans on Tomato in Eighteen Provinces of China

利用5个含有不同单显性抗番茄晚疫病基因的番茄材料Ts19、Ts33、W.Va700、LA1033和L3708为鉴别寄主,对我国18省、市、自治区的番茄晚疫病菌201个纯化分离物进行了生理小种鉴定。结果共鉴定出8个小种,即生理小种T0、T1、T1,2、T1,2,3、T1,2,3,4、T1,4、T1,2,4和T3。其中,小种T1和T1,2是主流小种,地理分布最广和发生频率最高,分别在13和11个省市出现,占样本总数的28.8%和28.4%;其次是小种T0和T1,2,3,分别在8和7个省市出现,分别占18.9%和8.9%;再其次是小种T1,2,3,4,在4个省市有发生,占7.0%;小种T1,2,4、T1,4和T3分布均少,仅在1～2个省市发生,分别占3.0%、2.5%和2.5%。这是我国的首次报道,为番茄晚疫病的抗源材料筛选和抗病育种提供了病理学依据。

Two hundred and one isolates of Phytophthora infestans on tomato from eighteen provinces, cities and autonomous regions were identified by using five differential tomato lines containing different resistance genes, which were Ts19, Ts33, W.Va 700, LA1033 and L3708. The result indicated that the eight different physiological races were found out. Race T1 and T1,2 were widely distributed in 13 and 11 provinces with high frequencies of 28.8% and 28.4% respectively. Followed by T0 and T1,2,3 occurred in eight and seven provinces with frequencies of 18.9% and 8.9% respectively. Then race T1,2,3,4 occurred in four provinces with 7% frequency. The race T1,2,4, T1,4 and T3 were narrowly distributed only in one or two provinces with 3.0%, 2.5% and 2.5% respectively. This is the first report in China.