日本战后派文学兴衰原因之剖析

Causes of the Rise and Fall of Japanese Postwar Literature

战后派文学的兴起 ,给刚刚打破了沉闷凝重的战后初期日本文坛吹来了一缕清风 ,而且激励着有良知的日本人放弃旧观点 ,反省过去的错误 ,为新生而努力做出一定的贡献。但是 ,1 950年爆发了朝鲜战争后 ,世界两极的对立加强 ,国际形势发生重大变化 ,美国通过“日美安全保障条约”将日本纳入其远东战略体制圈内 ,日本政治、社会转向反动。因此 ,以“反战”为特点的战后派文学从 50年代初开始就无法继续存在了。可以说 ,日本社会转型是战后派文学的兴衰的主要原因。同时 ,战后初期没有彻底批判日本军国主义的侵略行径 ,也成了今天日本“大国意识”明显抬头的历史根源。

Japanese Postwar Literature fully reflects the close relationship between Japanese postwar literature and social changes, helps to break the deadly oppressiveness of the society; and impels Japanese with intuitive knowledge to give up old views, to examine their past misdeeds and to make an effort towards new life. However, the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 intensifies the antagonism between two opposing extremes. Japanese politics and society converted to reaction. Thus the Postwar Literature with antiwar characteristics experienced great difficulty in survival in early 1950s. It can be said that the change of Japanese society is the major cause of the rise and fall of the Japanese Postwar Literature.