超高压氢的绝缘-金属相变及光学测量技术

Optical Measurements of High Pressure Insulator-to-Metal Transitions in Hydrogen

应用金刚石压砧高压室（ＤＡＣ）研究氢在百万大气压以上的超高压的绝缘—金属相变是物理学的重大课题之一．正确判断ＤＡＣ中微米量级大小的样品的能级状态随压力的变化是一个难度很大又极为重要的问题．对目前金属氢研究中用到的一些光学测量技术（Ｘ射线和同步辐射实验除外）作了简单介绍，并对超高压ＤＡＣ实验的特殊困难叙述了自己的看法。

Studies on hydrogen using high pressure diamond-anvil cell (DAC) technology has become a fascinating subject of modern physics. The accurate measurement of dielectric properties is required for a successful determination of possible changes from the insula- ting to the metallic phase. The most direct and convincing evidence for this transition would be a dc resistance measurement. Unfortunately, this has not yet been carried out in a DAC above 100 Gpa due to technical difficulties. However, optical studies involving absorption, reflectivity, dispersion and scattering have been performed to characterize the state of pressurized hydrogen up to 250 Gpa. A transition near 150 Gpa has been obse- rved but the metallization of hydrogen remains an open question.