陕西省三门峡库区飞蝗的发生与防治对策

The Occurrence and Control of Locusta Migratoria Manilensis (Meyen) in Sanmenxia Reservoir Area of Shaanxi Province

认为自60年代初在陕西省东部黄、渭、洛三河交汇处的三门峡库区,形成一河泛型新蝗区,先后共发生蝗灾14年次。库区蝗虫为东亚飞蝗,一年发生2代。越冬卵块有卵40～80粒,最多120粒。越冬死亡率4％～17％。5月上旬为孵化盛期,6月6～16日羽化。夏蝻发育历期36天。夏蝗雌雄比1:5～10。秋蝻7月19～21日孵化。8月15日见成虫。从出土至羽化仅26天。秋蝻发育极不整齐,8月15～17日可见到成虫、5龄甚至2龄蝻群。根据历年防治经验,提出4条根治措施。

A new river-widespread locust occurring area emerged in Sanmenxia reservoir area, the cross of Huanghe river, Weihe river and Lobe river of east Shaanxi province in early 1960's. The total number of locust disaster is 14 years times. The locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis) occurs 2 generations per year in this reservoir area. One overwintering egg cluster contains 40～80 eggs, not more than 120 eggs. The overwintering mortality is 4～17 per cent. The beginning of May is the outbreaking stage of hatching. Emergence stage is between 6 and 16 of June. The growth of summer nymph lasts 36 days. The sex proportion (female/male) of summer nymph is 1: 5～10. The autumn nymph hatched during 19～21 of July. Its adult could be seen on August 15. Locusts emerged for 26 days after it came out of soil. The growth of autumn nymph was very in disorder. Its adult 2～5 instar nymph swarm could be seen during 15～17 of August. According to the experience of over the years, we had made four measures about eradicating this locust.