从地学规律和可持续发展看长江分蓄洪区建设

CONSTRUCTION OF FLOOD DIVERSION AND STORAGE AREAS IN THE MIDDLE REACH OF THE YANGTZE RIVER IN THE LIGHT OF GEOLOGY REGULARITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

分蓄洪区是平原防洪的一种重要措施。20世纪 50 年代,我国在长江中游地区共规划分蓄洪区 14 处,其中荆江分洪区、洪湖分蓄洪区和杜家台分洪区为国家确定的重点蓄滞洪区。随着长江上游三峡等一系列大型电站的兴建,中游堤防加固工程的实施,长江中游仍需要200×108m3 分蓄洪区。基于地学规律和长江中游目前的防洪形势,从有效的防洪功能和可持续发展相结合考虑,建议取消荆江分洪区和其它一般分蓄洪区,仅保留洪湖分蓄洪区和杜家台分洪区,重点建设洪湖分蓄洪区。建议按照“梯级化”和“垦殖和养殖区”进行洪湖分蓄洪区规划和建设。

Flood diversion and storage areas are very important to flood control. In 1950's, we have founded 14 flood diversion and storage areas in the middle reach of the Yangtze River,in which,Jingjiang,Honghu,and Dujiatai are the three most important flood diversion and storage areas. But,with a series of great power plants, such as Three-Gorges Project, constructed, and project of strengthen dam took into practice,the middle reach of the Yangtze River need more 200×10~8m^3flood storage capability for flood diversion and storage areas.Based on geology regularity and flood control reality of the middle reach of the Yangtze River,the paper put forward two proposal as follows:(1)to cancel the Jinjiang and others common flood diversion and storage works, and to only remain Honghu flood storage works and Dujiatai flood diversion works, especially by considering Honghu as more important;(2)to construct Honghu flood storage works by “the step by step”and“farm and breed exploit contemporary”principle.