三峡库区生活垃圾的重金属污染程度评价

EVALUATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION DEGREE IN REFUSES IN THREE GORGES REGION

长期以来,我国的城市生活垃圾处理与处置主要以填埋为主,且大部分为简易填埋或堆放,形成众多的垃圾堆放场。它们不仅影响周围的生态环境,而且威胁到居民的身体健康,特别是不少堆存的生活垃圾受到重金属元素不同程度的污染,任意放置可能会产生严重的后果,所以评价生活垃圾的重金属元素污染程度有助于垃圾堆放场的环境影响评价以及污染防治措施的提出。以三峡库区为例,通过测定三峡库区各个区县主要垃圾堆放场堆存生活垃圾的重金属元素含量, 包括砷、铅、铬、镉和汞,采用单因子评价和综合评价法确定三峡库区堆存生活垃圾的重金属污染程度,为库区的环境保护提供决策支持。

In a long period, landfilling is the main way to dispose refuses in China, most of which are disposed by means of simple landfilling and dumping, resulting to a great deal of refuse dumping sites. These dumping sites are not only harmful to surrounding ecological environment, but also threaten the health of around residents.Serious aftermath can be resulted by these refuses polluted with heavy metals in dumping sites because of being disorderly pilled. Therefore, evaluation pollution degree of heavy metal in refuses will be beneficial to perform Environmental Impact Assessment of these dumping sites and put forward measures of pollution protection. In this paper, taking the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as an example, the content of heavy metals, including arsenic, lead, chrome, cadmium and Hg, were determined, and pollution degree for heavy metals in refuses were evaluated by ways of single index and integrated index methods, this providing environment protection strategies in the Three Gorges Region.