同种内耳抗原免疫致聋豚鼠的子代内耳功能和形态学观察

Inner ear physiological function and pathological morphology in the offsprings of sensorineural hearing loss female guinea pigs induced by homogeneous inner ear antigens immunizing

目的 观察自身免疫性感音神经性聋 (autoimmunesensorineuralhearingloss ,ASHL)母鼠所产子代内耳听觉和前庭生理功能、病理形态学的变化 ,初步探讨母鼠体内针对内耳组织抗原免疫反应是否可以造成子代的内耳损伤。方法 同种内耳抗原 (homogeneousinnerearantigens ,HIEAg)持续免疫孕豚鼠 ,采用耳蜗电图 (包括听神经复合动作电位 )、总和直流电位、耳蜗微音器电位和眼震电图仪 (记录自发性和冷热空气试验 )测试母鼠和子鼠的听觉和前庭功能 ,并检测针对HIEAg的血清特异性体液和细胞免疫反应 ,采用火棉胶切片和HE染色 ,光镜观察内耳病理组织学改变。结果ASHL母鼠所产子鼠中 ,部分 (3/7)出现听觉损伤 ,并发现其血清中特异性抗体水平升高 ,内耳出现免疫炎性病理损伤。非ASHL母鼠和对照组母鼠所产子代未见明显异常。结论 ASHL雌鼠所产子代可出现感音神经性聋 ,其内耳损伤和功能障碍极可能与针对内耳组织的自身免疫反应 (尤其是体液免疫 )

Objective To explore if the autoimmune of anti labyrinth tissues acts as one of pathogenic cause by observing the inner ear physiological functions and pathological morphology changes of offspring of autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (ASHL) female guinea pig. Methods The pregnant guinea pigs were immunized with homogeneous inner ear antigens (HIEAg), then, the hearing function were measured with EcochG [inspecting items including acoustic nerve compound action potential (cAP)、summation potential (-SP) and cochlear microphone potential (CM)], while the vestibular function were measured with electronystagmography (inspecting items including spontaneous nystagmus and caloric test), inner ear Celloidin section with haematoxylin eosin dyeing and being inspected under light microscope. The special antibodies in serum and special lymphocyte immune reaction were measured with ELISA and 3H TdR intermingling lymphocyte transform test in all female guinea pigs and their offspring guinea pigs. Results In 7 offspring guinea pigs, 3 animals appeared sensorineural hearing loss. Immuno inflammation pathologic changes happened in the labyrinth (including the number of bipolar cells reduced and some kind of inflammatory cells infiltrated in spiral ganglion and endolymphatic hydrops et al.), and rise of special antibodies against HIEAg in serum. There were no any obvious abnormity found in non ASHL pregnant and normal contrastive pregnant guinea pigs and their offspring. Conclusions In this study, some of ASHL female guinea pig′s offspring demonstrated different grades of sensorineural hearing loss and inner ear inflammation, and the special humoral and cellular immune reaction against HIEAg, which could be induced by autoimmune inflammation against inner ear tissues antigens with special antibodies (maybe including special cellular immune reaction) from matrix through placental barrier. This result suggests that the factor of autoimmune against inner ear tissue antigens may be one of pathogenic causes inducing non heritage congenital sensorineural hearing loss.