陆地棉10个经济性状配合力遗传力的研究

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON COMBINING ABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF TEN ECONOMIC CHARACTERS IN UPLAND COTTON

以中棉12、中棉11、陕6115、PD6520和PD111,5个陆地棉品种为亲本,采用完全双到杂交方法4对10个经济性状进行遗传研究的结果表明:①单株成铃数、单铃子棉重、单株子棉产量、衣分率、单株皮棉产量、纤维强度和断裂长度等7个性状的一般配合力方差明显高于其特殊配合力方差;绒长、纤维细度和成熟度3性状的特殊配合力方差较其一般配合力方差为高;②一般配合力偏高的性状,反映了基因的加性效应占的比重较大,可有效的向后代遗传传递;特殊配合力偏高的性状,反映出基因的非加性效应所占比重较大,向后代遗传传递能力较小;③衣分率、单纤维强度和断裂长度3性状的狭义遗传力较高,绒长和单株皮棉产量两性状的遗传力中等;单株成铃数、铃重、单株子棉产量、纤维细度和成熟度等5性状的遗传力较低。

Zhong12, Zhong11, Shaan6115, PD6520 and PD111 were screened as parents in this test. The method 4 of complete diallel cross was used for genetic studise on 10 economiccharac ters i n upland cotton. The results show that. (1)Variances due to g. c. a. of seven characters such bolls per plant as seed cotton weight per boll, seed cotton yield per plant, lint percentage, lint yield per plant, fiber strength and breaking length etc. were obviously higher than their variances due to s. c. a. and variances due to s. c. a. of fiber length, fineness and maturity were higher than their variances due to g. c. a. (2) The characters with higher g. c. a. were mainly controlled by additive effect of genotype and could be effectively transmitted to hybrid offsprings. The characters with higher s. c. a. were controlled by non-additive effect of genotype and their hereditary ability was lower. (3)Narrow heritability was higher in lint percent age, fiber strength and breaking length, intermediate in fiber length and lint yield per plant and lower in bolls per plant, seed cotton weight per boll, seed cotton yield per plant, fiber fineness and maturity.