回交转育水稻糯与非糯同型系育种方法的研究

STUDY ON BREEDING METHOD ABOUT TRANSFORMATION OF HOMOTYPIC LINES BETWEEN GLUTINOUS AND NON-GLUTINOUS RICE BY BACKCROSS

研究结果表明,糯与非糯同型系谷粒重非糯高于糯5.76%;谷粒体积糯大于非糯3.03%;谷粒比重糯小于非糯4.80%;谷壳重糯大于非糯3.23%;糙米率非糯高于糯1.56%。用回交方法将糯稻品系转育成的4个非糯同型系,有3个较被转糯稻品系增产3.7%～10.0%。用非糯品系与糯稻杂交,其F_1再用非糯品系回交,从其后代中选育出的两个近等型糯稻产量分别为非糯品系的96.8%和94.3%。

Breeding method of transformation of homotypie lines between glutinous aod non-glutinous rice by backcross was researched. The result showed that the grain weight of non-glutinous was 5.76 higher than that of the glutinous., the grain volume of the glutinous 3.03 over that of the non-glutinous, the specific weight of the glutinous 4.80 lower that of non-gluti nous, the hull weight of the glutinous 3.23 over that of the non-glutinous, the rate of the brown rice of the non-glutinous 1.56 over that of the glutinous. Among the 4 homtypic lines of the non-glutinous that were transformed from a line of the glutinous by backcross, the yields of 3 homotypic lines increased from 3.7 to 10.0 comparing to the glutinous. A nonglutinous rice was crossed with a glutinous rice, and F_1 was backcrossed with the non-glutinous rice. The productions of 2 near homotypic lines of the glutinous selected from the backcrossing offspring were 96.8 and 94.3 comparing to that of the non-glutinous rice respectively. The application of backcrossing method in the tyansformation of homotypic or near-homotypic line between glutinous and non-glutinous rice will speed up the breedingwith a lower cost.