兴堡子川新灌区灰钙土基本肥力与小麦产量的关系

THE PRIMARY RESEARCH ON RELATION BETWEEN BASIC FERTILITY IN CALCIUM SOIL AND WHEAT YIELD IN NEW IRRIGATED AREA OF XINGBUZI PLAIN

试验证明:兴堡子川新灌区灰钙土在灌耕、施肥5～6年时,耕层肥力水平还是很低的。但较1985年初灌时小麦基础产量平均提高了24.9%,其中50%地块提高了73.2%～25.9%,25%地块提高了6.4%,25%地块降低了5.4%。该区小麦基础产量的高低,主要取决于土壤中速效磷和碱解氮含量的高低,而土壤速效磷和碱解氮含量又取决于有机质含量的多少。所以,要提高土壤基本肥力和作物产量,应增施有机肥料。该区灰钙土的基本肥力可使足肥时小麦最高产量达320.0～511.6kg/亩,平均为429.6kg/亩,施肥平均增产199.1kg/亩,相对增加86.4%。

The test showed that the basic fertility level in top soil was low.when irrigation and fertilizer were applied to calcium soil in new irrigated area of Xingbuzi plain for 5～6 years. And the level mainly depended on the content of organic matter in soil. The foundation yield of wheat, which displayed the basic fertility in soil, was 227.6 kg/mu on the average, and was 24.9% higher than the appropriate yield at the beginning of irrigation in 1985. The foundation yield of wheat mainly depended on the contents of alkali hydrolytic nitrogen and quick effective phosphorus in soil. The relation between them is:(?)=94.08-4.59 N+55.80 P-0.98 NP+0.15 N^2 ,R =0.994. At the sametime, the result also primarily showed that the dependent relation of maximum yield of wheat with sufficient fertilizers, which was 429.6 kg/mu averagely, to the foundation yield (no fertilizer) is:(?) =1000x/250.519+1.228x' R=0.833.