大鼠面神经颅外段的解剖及其应用

Anatomy and application of extracranial section of rat facial nerve

目的 :为大鼠面神经损伤模型的制备提供解剖学依据。方法 :解剖和观测大鼠面神经颅外段。结果 :大鼠面神经出茎乳孔后可分为两段。第 1段长度为 (5 .2 1± 0 .4 8)mm ,中点外径为 (1.31± 0 .13)mm ,第 2段分三个终末支 ,其中耳睑神经较短为(8.97± 0 .95 )mm ,颊肌神经和下颌缘神经平均长度分别为 (2 5 .2 3± 1.4 1)mm、(2 6 .6 1± 1.2 2 )mm ,中点外径为 (1.0 5± 0 .2 0 )mm、(0 .95± 0 .2 0 )mm。二者在口角外侧汇合成神经节样体。结论 :大鼠面神经的第 1段宜作钳夹、结扎损伤模型 ;第 2段的颊肌神经和下颌缘神经宜作神经断离自体静脉套接、神经断端外膜缝合及电生理检测等。

Objective: To provide the anatomica l basis for the rat facial nerve injury model.Methods: The extracranial section of the rat facial nerve was dissected and observed.Results:The extracranial section of rat facial nerve was divided into 2 segments. The length of first segment was (5.21±0.48) mm and the outer diameter of its middle point was (1.31±0.31) mm. The second segment was divided into 3 terminal branches, among which the auriculopalpebralis nerve was shorter in length (8.97±0.95) mm. The length of buccinator nerve and marginal mandibular nerve were averaged (25.23±1.41) mm and (26.61±1.22) mm,and the outer diameter of the middle point were (1.05±0.20) mm and (0.95±0.20) mm。Conclusion:The first segment of the rat facial nerve is suitable for forcipressure. The buccinator nerve and marginal mandibular nerve in the second segment are suitable for Crein tubulazalon,epineurial suture of the broken nerve,and electrophysiological test.