峨边花牛的保存与利用刍议

A Preliminary Opinion on the Breed Reservation of the Ebian Spotted Cattoe

峨边花牛是我国优良的肉役兼用品种,具有较好的肉用和役用性能,且适应性强,耐粗放,抗病力强等特点。近年来由于产区花牛与当地黄牛混群放牧及杂交等原因,使花牛品种特性的保存受到了威胁。因此,必须采取有效措施,确保这一宝贵资源不致丢失。根据保种理论和产区经济文化水平,花牛的保存宜按公:母为1:5的比例,建立核心群。采取保存与利用相结合,建立三级保种繁育体系,各家系等数留种,随机交配等措施,将每一世代近交系数增量控制在0.5％左右。

The Ebian spotted cattle is a excellent breed of meat-work dual-purpose type with higher meat production, better drafting ability, good adaptability, greater disease resistance and great ability of enduring roughage.. In recent years, the Ebianspotted eattoe is in danger of losing good character because of mixed grazing and crossbreeding with the local native cattle. Therefore, it is necessary to take efficient methods of keeping this precious resource. According to the theory of breed reservation and the level of the economy and culture of the habitat, the nucleus herd should be established in proportion of one to five (20♂: 100♀)for the reservation of spotted cattle. It is also necessary to combine the reservation and utilization of Ebian spotted cattle, to establish a triple breed system in which the number of stud in each family is equal, and to take a style of panmixia. The increase of inbreeding coefficient of every generation should be controled in about 0. 5 percentage.