菊花花粉萌发及花粉活力研究

GERMINATION AND VITALITY OF CHR YSANTHEMUM L.

用 ME_3的盐类和维生素附加16%聚乙二醇_(4000)(PEG_(4000))和12%蔗糖对4个菊花花粉进行培养.结果表明,野菊及 D.×9—15—3、D.×9—50—3和D.×8—126—1的花粉萌发率分别为80.7%、87.2%、60.7%和47.6%.PEG_(4000)对菊花花粉萌发有明显促进作用,但蔗糖的作用不能被 PEG 所取代.菊花花粉萌发较合适的温度为10～20℃,在4～8℃时,萌发率及速度迅速降低.35℃萌发虽快,但花粉管短且易破裂.在4℃条件下花粉可贮藏4～14天。

Pollens of Dendranthemum indicum and its three hybrids with chrysanthemum cultivars 9—15—3,9—50—3 and 88—126—1 were cultured on a modified liquid monnior medium ME_3 supplemented with 16% PEG_(4000) and 12% sucrose at Ca.15℃,and a germintation rate of 80.7,87.2 ,60.7 and 47.6%,respectively,was obtained.PEG_(4000) was shown to have the capacity of inducing germination of chrysanthemum pollens.It could not,however,re- place the function of sucrose.Further experiments on pollen vitality indicaed that the optimum germination temperature ranged form 10 to 20℃.At 4—8℃,germintation rate germination speed decrased sharply,while at 35℃ the pollen tubes were short and prone to break though the pollens germinated quickly.At 4℃,the pollens of various genotypes remained viable in storage for 4—14 days,but the desiceating agent CaCl_2 should not be genotypes applied.