重庆市两系杂交水稻的选育与对策研究

STRATEGY FOR THE SELECTION AND BREEDING OF TWO-LINE HYBRID RICE IN CHONGQING

根据重庆市近37年中7～9月日温变化和两系杂交水稻的选育现状,提出了重庆市两系杂交水稻应选育育性转换彻底,临界转化温度23℃左右,稳定不育期30天以上,且8月中旬进入育性转化,9月5日前完成抽穗扬花的两用核不育系,并进行大量测配和筛选强优势组合。同时,引进并严格鉴定筛选适合本市发展需要的两用核大量不育系和两系杂交组合。

Based on the fluctuation pattern of mean daily temperature in July to September in the recent 37 years and the present situation of selection and breeding of hybrid rice in Chongqing, the paper offers the strategy for selection and breeding of hybrid rice as follows: 1. select sterile lines that show complete fertility transformation with a critical transformation temperature of 23℃ and a stable complete sterile period lasting over 30 days, make sufficient number of cross combinations and select desirable ones from them. 2. adopt various ways to accelerate the multiplication and extension of the newly developed hybrid varieties. 3. introduce from other areas two-line sterile lines and promising cross combinations and select from them the ones adapted to the ecological conditions of Chongqing.