有机肥与化肥配施对烤烟钾素营养与品质的影响

EFFECTS OF ORGANIC MANURE COMBINED WITH CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON K-NUTRITION AND QUALITY OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

在贵州黄色石灰土上研究了绿肥(箭舌豌豆)、饼肥(菜籽饼)及牛粪等3种有机肥与化肥配施对烤烟钾素营养和品质的效应。结果表明,有机肥与化肥配施,可提高土壤供钾能力,促进烤烟生育和根系生长,有利于烤烟钾的吸收、干物质积累和烟叶品质的提高;对烤烟的主要化学成分无不良影响,且均达到协调范围,其中以饼肥、绿肥与化肥配施的协调性较好。烟叶评吸结果差异不显著,但绿肥、饼肥与化肥配施可显著地提高烟叶的外观品质,取得较好的经济效益。

In field and pot experiments carried out in calcareous yellow soils of Guizhou province, green manure (common vetch.), rape cake or cattle waste applied in combination with chemical fertilizers improved the K-supplying power of the soil, accelerated the growth of the tabacco plants and their root system, facilitated the uptake of K by the plants and dry matter accumulation and raised the quality of the tabacco leaves. No negative effects of organic-inorganic fertilizers on the chemical constituents of tabacco were observed. The chemical composition of tabacco in all treatments was within the harmonious range. Rape cake and green manure, however, seemed more harmonious with chemical fertilizers than cattle waste. Taste evaluation of the tabacco leaf showed that no significant differences existed among the treatments, but oraganic manure in combination with chemical fertilizers improved the external appearance quality of the tabacco and therefore brought about better economic benefits.