金沙江干热河谷农业资源和经济作物开发研究

ON EXPLOITATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND ECONOMIC PLANTS IN DRY-HOT VALLEY OF JINSHA RIVER

金沙江干热河谷农业资源优势突出,光照充足、热量丰富、待开发土地较多。且有交通方便,劳力充足,水利建设有基础,产品加工有潜力,商品销售有市场等有利条件。制约因素是生态环境恶化,严重干旱缺水,高温热害与低温冷害均有发生,缺资金、技术和人才。经济作物开发应走混农林生态系统的路子,以木本、长效、深根、节水、抗寒经济林果为主,配置低矮作物组成复合结构,充分利用光、热、水、土资源。在保证粮食自给前提下,主要热区按农业人口计总量达到人均一亩高产、优质、高效经济作物的目标,在金沙江一线形成南亚热带水果、冬早蔬菜、香料烟生产带的产业格局。

The superiority of agricultural resources in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River are outstanding. Where has much favourable conditions, such as sufficient daylight, abundant quality of hert and a lot of land awaiting exploitation, besides, good transportation to extend in all directions, adequate manpower, fair fundment of water conservancy, great potentiality for product processing and good selling market. The ristrici factors were as follows, the ecologic environment Was deteriorated so that presented aridity and insufficient water, there were both the megathermal heat warm and microthermal cold harm and short of fund, technology and talented person for exploitation. The exploitation of economio plant in this locality shoud be taken the xylophytous, long term benifit, deep-rooted saving water and coldproof species of tree and fruit plant should be taken as the dominant and composed a complex comoosilion with dwarf crops, so that could be used the prerequisite for self-sufficient in grain, in the main hotregion where should be has one mu per capita of economic plant with high yielding, good quanlity and high benifit. In the south Asia where should be formed a production zone with tropical fyuits, early winter vegetables and spice tobacoes.