西安市部分社区老年人高血压病危险因素的病例对照研究

A Group Case-control Study on Risk Factors of Hypertension Among the Elderly in Xi'an Communities

目的研究西安市部分社区老年人高血压病的危险因素,探讨预防对策。方法在现况调查的基础上,对206例老年高血压病观察对象进行成组病例对照研究,对调查变量进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析显示,与高血压病显著相关的因素有:职业、文化程度、婚姻状况、BMI、蛋摄入量、高血压病家族史、经常体育锻炼;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,影响高血压患病的独立危险因素有:高血压病家族史、BMI、职业;经常体育锻炼为保护性因素。结论西安市部分社区老年人高血压病患病率处于较高水平,高血压预防控制策略和措施亟待加强。

Objective To investigate risk factors of hypertension among old people in Xi' an communities in order to explore preventive ways. Methods On the basis of investigation on current situation in hypertension,a group case-control study of 206 hypertensive old patients was performed as the study group,and 361 non-hypertensive subjects were used as the control group. The data obtained were treated by single or multiple factor analysis of variance. Results Single factor analysis of variance showed that the factors related to hypertension included profession,education background,marriage status,body mass index ( BMI) ,nitrogen intake, family history and frequency of physical exercises. Multiple-variation logistic regressing analysis suggested that independent risk factors of hypertension included family history of hypertension ( OR = 6. 1),BMI (BMI≥24,OR = 1.4) and profession (OR= 1. 3),while physical exercise(OR=0.6) was a positive preventive factor. Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension is high. Public health education programs, multiple prevention and intervention measures should be strengthened among old people in Xi' an communities.