耳后动脉的解剖学观测

Applied anatomy of the postauricular artery

目的 :观测耳后动脉的起始、管径、行程、分支和分布。方法 :利用动脉内注入红色乳胶的 2 0侧成人头颈标本 ,解剖出耳后动脉进行观测。结果 :耳后动脉在茎突舌骨肌上方起于颈外动脉 18侧 (90 % ) ,在二腹肌后腹深面起于枕动脉 2侧 (10 % ) ,耳后动脉的主要分支有茎乳动脉 ,乳突支 ,耳支等 ;当耳后动脉起于枕动脉时 ,茎乳动脉由枕动脉发出。结论 :耳后动脉是供应面神经 (茎乳段 )和耳后皮肤的主要动脉。

Objective:To observe origin,diameter,route,branches and distribution of the postauricular artery.Methods:In 20 sides the postauricuricular arterirs were dessected and observed.Result:Of 90% postauricular arteries derives from external carotid artery above stylohyoid muscle and 10% from occipital artery under posterior belly of digastric muscle.The mean of diameter of the postauricular artery was 1 75±0 59 mm.Branches of postauricular artery include auricular branch,mastoid branches and stylomastoid branch.Conclusion:Artery suppling of postauricular skin and facial nerve are mainly from postauricular artery.