简析南京国民政府行政督查专员制度存续的原因

Briefly Analyse the Reason of the Existence of the System of Administrative Supervisory Commission

南京国民政府初期 ,采取省县两级管理体制。自 1 932年开始逐步确立并推及全国的行政督察专员制度 (以下用相应的简称 )对省县两级制作了实质性的修正。专员制虽然有违国民政府建国大纲 ,也不被《五五宪草》所承认 ,但仍然得到实施 ,在于该制弥补了南京国民政府地方行政管理体制的不足 ,满足了蒋介石扩张势力、掌控地方的政治需要 ,并且执政者根据该制在运行中出现的问题 ,相应地对有关措施作了调整 ,使之富有弹性 。

During the initial period of Nanjing National Government, the administrative system of province and county was adopted. The system of administrative supervisory commission, established from 1932 and spread nationally, amended the administrative system of province and county substantially. Being against the line for country buiding and not admitted by May Fifth Constitution Draft, the system of administrative supervisory commission was still implemented because it counteracted the weakness of the local administrative system of Nanjing National Government, and met the need of the Jiang Jieshi to expand his power and controlled the local regimes. Moreover, the executives adjusted appropriate measures according to the problems emerged in the operation of the system, to make it elastic and work better.