宪法中“公共利益”的界定及其相关问题的探讨

On “Pubic Good” in Constitution

2004年宪法修正案的重要内容之一是“私产入宪”,并规定国家只有为了公共利益的需要,才能依法对土地及公民私有财产进行征收或征用并给予补偿。但这一规定并未在社会实践中起到其预想的效果,究其原因很重要的一方面在于没有对公共利益进行界定,为“公益”变“私益”埋下了隐患。因此我们必须根据公共利益的标准对公共利益的具体内容进行界定,并作出相应的实体设计与程序安排。

The new regulation for the protection of private property, which is one of the important contents of Amendment of Constitution in 2004, emphasizes that only for fulfilling the public good, can the country levy private property or commander the private land with relevant compensation. However, this regulation proves less effective than expected, and the reason lies largely in the fact that there is no clear definition for “public good”, so it occurs that some people would grab “private good” for themselves by confusingly abusing the concept of “public good”. For this reason, the concrete contents of “public good” must be clearly defined according to a certain standard. Furthermore, the relevant substantive design and procedural arrangement should be carried out.