营养健康教育控制孕妇体重对妊娠过程、妊娠结局的影响

Effect of controlling body mass of pregnant women on gestation progress and outcomes

目的了解通过营养健康教育控制孕妇体重增加对妊娠过程、妊娠结局的影响。方法将门诊定期产前检查高于标准体重指数(BMI)的222例孕妇,随机分为实验组和对照组各111例,实验组通过营养健康教育调控孕妇能量摄入,增加能量消耗,对照组则给予常规的健康教育,观察两组孕妇体重指数变化及妊娠结局。结果实验组孕妇孕38周后高于体重指数、妊高征,产后巨大儿发生率及手术产率均较对照组低,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);妊娠期糖尿病两组比较,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对高于标准体重指数的孕妇进行孕期营养健康教育指导,能减轻和控制孕期体重过度增加,可使孕妇获得良好的妊娠过程和妊娠结局。

Objective To evaluate the effect of controlling body weight in pregnant women by nursing intervention on gestation process and outcomes. Methods Two hundred and twenty two pregnant women, whose body mass index (BMI) exceeded the reference, were randomly divided into two groups: the experiment group and the control group. They all received prenatal examinations regularly. Pregnant women in the experiment group were educated to limit energy take-in and increase their consumption of energy, while pregnant women in the control group were only given regular health education. BMI and pregnant outcomes were observed in both groups. Results There was significant difference between the two groups in the BMI when they were pregnant over 38 weeks, the occurrence rates of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and enormous infants and the rate of caesarean operation (P < 0.05). There was no difference between the two groups in the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Conclusions Prenatal health education for pregnant women whose BMI exceeded the reference can help decrease their energy take-in, increase their consumption of energy and prevent their body mass excess, and lead to better gestation process and outcomes.